THE GREAT CITY OF ATLANTIS
THE GREAT CITY OF ATLANTIS
Atlantis was built millions of years ago by the Ancients, who called it Atlantus. The city resided in Antarctica on Earth until five to ten million years ago, when a devastating plague prompted the Ancients to relocate it to the Pegasus galaxy. There, it served as the Ancients' capital as they built a new system of Stargates and seeded many worlds with humans. However, the Ancients' activities gave rise to a powerful new species, the Wraith. With their vastly superior numbers, the Wraith drove the Ancients from their holdings until only Atlantis was left, defended by its powerful shield and a network of armed satellites.[1] The Wraith laid siege to Atlantis for years; The Ancients submerged the city for protection but, unable to see a path to victory, eventually chose to return to Earth through the Stargate. There they merged with the native human population, and their accounts of Atlantis gave rise to the classical myth of the Lost City. Atlantis itself lied on the ocean floor, empty and dormant, for ten thousand years.[2]
The Lost City of the Ancients is first mentioned by Daniel Jackson in the season 6 finale of Stargate SG-1, "Full Circle". In the episode, he directs SG-1 to a tablet that mentions Atlantis, and tells them that there are powerful weapons there capable of defeating Anubis. The search for the Lost City continues through season 7 of SG-1, and although the team finds the Ancient outpost in Antarctica, the location of Atlantis itself remains a mystery. In the Stargate Atlantis premiere "Rising", Jackson discovers that the Stargate address to Atlantis contains eight symbols, meaning that it is in another galaxy. The multi-national Atlantis Expedition, led by Dr. Elizabeth Weir, is formed to investigate the city, with the knowledge that they may be unable to return as opening the wormhole will use up the last of the power in Earth's ZPM.
The Expedition arrives to find Atlantis still underwater; with power nearly exhausted, a failsafe releases the city and it rises to the surface. The episode "Before I Sleep" reveals that the first time the Expedition arrived at the city, there was no failsafe and most of the personnel drowned. Weir, the only survivor, changes the timeline after traveling back 10,000 years, by convincing the Ancient Janus to help her ensure the survival of the city and her people. Atlantis is cut off from Earth for most of the first season, and must face an impending Wraith attack alone. In the season 1 finale "The Siege, Part 2", Earth reestablishes contact with Atlantis using a ZPM recovered from Egypt (detailed in the SG-1 episode "Moebius"), and sends supplies and reinforcements. The Earth ship Daedalus subsequently brings the ZPM to Atlantis in "The Siege, Part 3", but Atlantis only survives the Wraith attack by faking a self-destruct. Keeping the continued existence of Atlantis secret from the Wraith thus becomes a top priority in the following seasons.[3] The Daedalus, newly fitted with an intergalactic hyperdrive, now provides a regular link between Atlantis and Earth.[4]
In season 3, Atlantis is briefly reclaimed by a group of surviving Ancients in "The Return". The city then falls to the Asurans, and is finally retaken by Earth forces. The Atlantis Expedition recovers three ZPMs from the Asurans' occupation, two of which are taken to bolster Earth's other defenses.[5] At the end of season 3, Atlantis comes under attack by an Asuran satellite weapon. McKay and his team figures out a way to activate the city's stardrive and escape, but the city runs low on power well short of its destination.[6] In the second episode of season 4, "Lifeline", the Atlantis team steals a ZPM from the Asuran homeworld to power the rest of their journey, and Atlantis touches down on a new world, M35-117. With Dr. Weir captured by the Asurans, Colonel Samantha Carter is appointed as the new Atlantis commander.[7] At the beginning of season 5, Carter is recalled to Earth and the IOA appoints Richard Woolsey as the new leader of Atlantis.[8]
Layout
Atlantis is a huge, snowflake-shaped platform covered in skyscrapers; at the center is the central spire, the tallest building in the city. The central spire contains the main control room, referred to as Stargate Operations, and the Stargate itself. Rapid access throughout the city is provided by a network of transporter rooms. The underside of the city contains the massive engines that propels the city through space, as well as the docking point for an Ancient outpost.
According to Visual Effects Artist Bruce Woloshyn, the model of the city of Atlantis, when they first built it, was over four million polygons, which is feature film size. Thanks to this there is a lot of detail that they can back up, allowing the city to look really nice. Also they could get right up beside the buildings and there is still a large amount of detail. Also most of the city is modelled, not textured, which allows for the details to move when the city is turned around.[9]
Many sets used for Atlantis (and also SG-1) are actually part of a massive sound stage which was built for almost 2 million dollars. This large stage is used for rooms like the brig, several balconies including the ones with the grounding stations or other interior parts of Atlantis. If they require outdoor views they use green screens to hide parts of the set.[9] Also some sets of Atlantis are part of the set which was used for Blade: Trinity, for example the bridge seen first in "The Storm" or the infirmary in "Michael".
Atlantis holds a huge database of Ancient knowledge. Even with all the hard drives the Atlantis expedition brought with them and using an efficient compression codec invented by Dr. McKay only about 9% of the translated database could be stored. The database holds a collection of Stargate addresses for both Pegasus and the Milky Way,[27] information about the Wraith, the Iratus bug,[28] information about other species,[29] and much scientific research, including zero-point module research, work on ascension, weapon schematics and notes on space travel. The database also has an incredible ability to back up data, so deleting it is difficult. The database can be accessed through many database terminals in the city.[12]
The main defense system of Atlantis is its energy shield, without which the city is surprisingly fragile.[30] While the shield can effectively hold back almost any threat, it consumes so much power that a ZPM is required to activate it.[2] In "The Eye", McKay uses the energy of multiple lightning strikes to briefly power the shield. The Ancients once extended the city's shield over much of the hemisphere in order to protect the native life against a coronal mass ejection.[5] In "The Siege, Part 3", the Atlantis Expedition links the cloaking generator of a puddle jumper to the city's shield generators, converting the shield into a cloak. This is used to fool the Wraith into believing Atlantis has been destroyed,[31] and is used in subsequently episodes to hide from the Wraith.[3][32] In "The Return", the Atlantis team modifies the shield generators to emit a replicator disruptor wave.
The primary weapons of the city are drone weapons, which require the Ancient control chair to fire. At the time of "The Siege", Atlantis has only a few dozen drones left, which are all used in defending the city against the Wraith. The city's drone supply is replenished from the stores of another city ship discovered in "The Tower". The SGC has also installed multiple railgun, machine gun, and SAM missile emplacements.[13]
Atlantis is powered by three Zero Point Modules,[2] though most systems can function with just one.[13] The Atlantis Expedition has installed a series of naqahdah generators, which are sufficient for basic systems. The city also has solar power generators that can power minor systems.[33] Power is distributed throughout the city via conductive conduits lining the walls of every corridor.[30] The city will automatically power up sections when people enter them, and can also make some system adjustments to compensate for low power.[2]
Atlantis' stardrive allows the city to achieve orbit and travel between galaxies via hyperspace.[2] To protect its inhabitants during flight, the city is equipped with inertial dampeners.[3] The city is flown from its Ancient control chair.[6][34] The power requirements of the stardrive are enormous. In "First Strike", the Atlantis Expedition is able to launch the city with a single ZPM by adding additional power from an Ancient geothermal drilling station during the first few minutes of lift-off. However, Atlantis runs low on power before it reaches its intended destination, due to damage to the power distribution system.] Sensors
The city is equipped with several types of sensors: first the long-range sensors which allow Atlantis to scan distant star systems. Thus the inhabitants can find out whether ships are on their way to the city and thus are warned if the Wraith are coming.[35][36] This set of sensors ran in the background and was discovered months after the arrival of the expedition. Another set of sensors are the internal sensors, which display detailed plans of the city and life-forms in it. Although it can distinguish between organic and energy life forms,[15] it cannot differentiate between organic life forms.
The third set of sensors are the biometric sensors that scan the city for irregularities in biometric rhythm. If people of different species are in the city, the sensors detect them.[12] These sensors were discovered by the Atlantis expedition about one month before the arrival of the Wraith.[26] However the biometric sensors need a lot of power so they were ordered to only scan the gate room.
The transporters are the primary means of transport to move quickly between different parts of the city.[15] They are small chambers and if someone enters, a console opens in the back and reveals a map of the city with red lights that display the location of the other chambers. To be transported to another chamber a user only needs to press one of the red lights at the target location. Afterwards the people in the chamber are transported to this location in a blinding flash of light. This system functions in a similar manner as the Ring Transporters which doesn't come as a surprise since both systems were invented by the Ancients. The chambers also function as elevators to move people up and down in the same structure or building.
Atlantis experiences frequent lightning strikes; for protection there are lightning rods throughout the city, which channel the electricity to four grounding stations that lead into the ocean.[30]